摘要 ：
在中国的法治化进程中，未成年人保护的立法工作及其成效无疑是其中的一个亮点。中国作为《儿童权利公约》的签署国，已经建立起由国际公约、宪法、行政法律法规、民事法律法规、刑事法律法规、诉讼法律法规构成的立体的未成年人保护法律体系。
本文通过对现有未成年人保护的法律主要内容进行梳理寻找目前未成年人保护在立法方面存在的主要问题。目前未成年人保护的立法方面存在的主要问题是：1、《未成年人保护法》及其配套设施缺乏有效对接，对未成年人权利的法律保护不健全或者不匹配。2、对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人的相关保护还存在很多欠缺，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人被免于处罚后缺乏后续措施，不能有效防止未成年人重新违法犯罪，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人进行讯问时的法定代理人或监护人在场制度的相关法律规定不统一、不健全，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人适用社区服务令、暂缓判决等处罚形式缺乏相应的国内法依据等。3、对未成年人财产权利的保护还存在不足，需要在立法方面得到加强。
本文试图针对未成年人保护的立法方面存在的问题提出相应的建议。
Structure and Major Issues of and Advice for China's Minors Protection Legislation
Huang Linlin
Abstract
During the process of legislation development in China, the legislation for minors protection and the outcome of such legislation have undoubtedly become a spotlight. As one of the states that ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), China has established a vertical legal system for minors protection, which is composed of international conventions, constitution, administrative laws/regulations, civil laws/regulations, criminal laws/regulations and procedural laws/regulations.
This document explores the major issues in current legislation for minors protection through reviewing existing minors protection laws. The major issues in current legislation for minors protection include: 1) Although some laws provide for the protection of lawful rights and interests of minors by institutions and individuals, these provisions only serve as recommendations/advocacies due to the absence of corresponding punishment rules against violators; 2) There are overlaps, duplications and even conflicts between existing laws/regulations on minors protection; 3) Long-term, effective measures are not available for effectively addressing certain concrete issues with regard to minors protection, and linkages are absent when multiple institutions are involved; and 4) Protection of substantial economic interests of minors is inadequate, which is yet to be strengthened in legislation.
This document also attempts to put forth recommendations against the issues in minors protection legislation.
Key words: Protection on minors, Legislation
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